The Ethereum Name Service (ENS) is a distributed, open, and extensible naming system built on the Ethereum blockchain. ENS revolutionizes how we interact with blockchain addresses by mapping human-readable names (like "alice.eth") to machine-readable identifiers such as:
- Ethereum addresses
- Other cryptocurrency addresses
- Content hashes
- Metadata
Core Functionality of ENS
Reverse Resolution
ENS supports reverse resolution, enabling the association of metadata (like primary names or interface descriptions) with Ethereum addresses. This bidirectional functionality enhances usability across decentralized applications.
Top-Level Domains (TLDs)
Key TLDs like .eth and .test are governed by smart contracts called Registrars. These contracts establish rules for:
- Name management
- Distribution protocols
- DNS interoperability
The ETH Registrar System
The ETH Registrar specifically manages the .eth TLD through:
- Decentralized tokenization of names on Ethereum
- Smart contract-based registration
- Blockchain-protected ownership rights
DNS Integration: Bridging Web2 and Web3
ENS expands traditional DNS functionality by:
- Supporting DNSSEC-secured DNS name imports
- Enabling integration of conventional domains (.com, .xyz, .art) into the ENS ecosystem
- Maintaining backward compatibility while adding blockchain capabilities
Subnames: Flexible Hierarchical Control
ENS's hierarchical structure allows name owners to:
- Create custom subnames (e.g., "pay.alice.eth")
- Implement custom resolution logic through smart contracts
Programmatically distribute subnames for:
- Applications
- Communities
- DAOs
Getting Started with ENS
The ENS Manager App, developed by ENS Labs, provides user-friendly tools for:
- Domain registration
- Name management
- DNS record configuration
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Frequently Asked Questions
What makes ENS different from traditional DNS?
ENS combines DNS-like functionality with blockchain advantages: decentralized ownership, cryptocurrency integration, and smart contract programmability.
Can I use my existing .com domain with ENS?
Yes! ENS supports DNSSEC-enabled DNS imports, allowing traditional domains to function within the ENS ecosystem.
How secure are ENS names?
Names are as secure as Ethereum itself - ownership is protected by blockchain cryptography, and transfers require digital signatures.
What can I use ENS names for?
Common use cases include:
- Simplified crypto payments
- Decentralized website hosting
- Universal blockchain identifiers
- Metadata-rich digital profiles
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How much does an ENS name cost?
Registration fees vary based on:
- Name length
- Desired duration
- Current gas fees on Ethereum
Can I create subdomains for my organization?
Absolutely! ENS enables enterprises, DAOs, and communities to:
- Issue branded subdomains
- Implement custom governance rules
- Automate distribution through smart contracts